The Rhineland Valley (Shu"m) Communities

🏰 The cradle of Ashkenazi Jewish culture was the Rhineland Valley, and particularly the communities of Speyer, Worms, and Mainz. Today, we explore the growth of these foundational communities.

The reconstructed medieval synagogue of Worms, Germany

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In this issue:

• The Shu”m Communities

• The Charter of Bishop Rudiger

• Rabbenu Gershom Meor ha-Golah and the Early Scholars of Ashkenaz

• Reads and Resources