The First Families of Ashkenaz

🏰 The four famed families of Rome and the multi-branched Kalonymos family were renowned as founders of Ashkenazi culture. Today, we further untangle the relationship of Italy to the Rhineland.

Lucca, Italy, said to be the Italian origin of the Kalonymos family. [Source]

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In this issue:

• The Italian Connection

• The Four Families of Rome

• The Kalonymides

• Reads and Resources